How do you begin to analyse a play?

When analysing a play, you will need to think slightly differently to when you analyse a poem or piece of prose text. Though the textual analysis remains important, there are additional characteristics to consider. Firstly, plays are written to be performed. How might the text come to life when actors are speaking the words? Actors and directors may interpret the text in multiple ways. If a line is screamed rather than whispered, it may have a more confrontational effect. Secondly, consider the effect of props, lighting, set, and special effects (such as music) which are unique to drama. If one character is holding a sword and one isn't, it alters the power dynamic on stage. If there are stage directions in the text, refer to them! Consider how specific references to the stage directions and speech might tie into the argument you are trying to make.