what framework is used to analyse texts?

Semantics: meanings that can be found within the text. For example, symbolism, imagery. Lexis: words and patterns of words e.g colloquialism, dialect features etc. Graphology: visual elements that contribute to the effect of the text, usually present in newspapers and magazines extracts. Phonology: how sounds contribute to the meaning of a text, e.g pauses, non fluency features.