What is urbanisation?

Before we look urbanisation, we have to define what we mean by urban and what we mean by rural. A rural area is an area of countryside, so for example a village or a hamlet. An urban area is a built up area, like a city or a town. 

Now, urbanisation is the process by which an increasing amount of the worlds population are living in cities and urban settlements rather than in rural areas. Typically, in an area undergoing urbanization you would find an increase in high density dwellings and increased infrastructural links (this could be new roads, public transport services, perhaps more schools, hospitals, and shops). Urbanisation is caused by a variety of different factors, but is often the result of the industrialisation of a country.