The English translation would read as: Marcus celeriter navigando ad urbem quinque diebus pervenit.Marcus : this noun (Marcus, -i, (m)) is the subject of the sentence, and therefore is in the nominative case. It is masculine and singular because Marcus is the name of one man. I have promoted it to the beginning of the sentence, before the gerund, to gain a style point at A2 level and to further emphasise that this is the subject.celeriter : this is the adverb - quickly. Although in English the gerund clause is separated from the main sentence by punctuation,this would not be present in Latin and I have therefore omitted it, relying on context alone.navigando : this is the gerund which conveys the sense of 'by sailing'. It is in the ablative case for the sense of 'by', and is formed from the group one verb navigo. Gerunds are formed from the present stem of the verb, and as this is a group one verb, an 'a' is included before the marker of a gerund, -nd- followed by the neuter singular second declension ablative noun ending.ad urbem : this prepositional phrase means '(to) the city'. The preposition is required as all destinations, excluding the names of towns and small islands, require a prepositonal phrase rather than simply a noun case. ad takes the accusative case, and urbs, -is (f) is a third declension noun so its accusative singular is the genitive stem (urb-) plus 'em'.quinque diebus : 'in five days'. The majority of expressions of time do not take prepositions, and the ablative case is used with nouns to suggest 'time during which' rather than 'time for' (which would be the accusative case). Diebus (days) is from the fifth declension noun dies, -ei (f) and therefore its ablative plural is diebus. quinque (five) is an indeclinable noun, as only the numbers from one, two, three, and beyond two hundred decline. pervenit : pervenit is the main verb of this sentence. It is a third person singular (whose subject is Marcus), active, perfect tense verb formed from the group four verb pervenio, venire, veni, ventum. This verb is in the indicative since the main clause of this sentence is a simple clause.

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