Study Figure 2 showing the Demographic Transition Model. Explain why death rates started to fall at the beginning of Stage 2. You should refer to two reasons in your answer.

During stage 2 of the DTM, death rates started to fall due to advancements in healthcare. Vaccinations had been discovered and so programmes were introduced to inoculate babies against diseases such as smallpox. The inoculations protected the babies from diseases as they grew up and this reduced the death rate. Improved education also significantly contributed to the falling death rate. Spreading the awareness about the use clean drinking water and proper sanitation which were being installed in many cities, helped combat diseases like cholera, claiming fewer victims. These improvements in sanitisation and hygiene were also seen in food production and in hospitals, all contributing to a decreasing death rate in stage 2 of the DTM.