Explain the relationship between fertility and the status of women.

In countries where women have higher status, fertility rates tend to be lower. The status of women refers to the esteem at which they are held within a society and is frequently cited as the most significant factor contributing to their enrollment in education. Naturally, if women are able to get an education, they are more likely to proceed to careers and contribute economically to society. This, in turn, will delay marriages and reduce the reproductive time they have while in marriage, leading to less children (lower fertility). Such a trend is increasingly visible in many high income countries, such as Norway, where women now compose approximately half the work force. Furthermore, a higher status of women may result in less taboos regarding contraception and family planning. Awareness of these methods may empower women to take control of their social role, reducing the pressure of male influence and religious belief which may encourage higher fertility rates.