How does the structure of the grana optimise its function?

The grana is made up of stacked thylakoid membranes which give a larger surface area upon which the photosystems and chlorophyll can trap light energy. The space within the membrane stack allows proton movement for chemiosmosis and ATP generation. Additionally, the grana has proteins embedded within that hold the photosystems in place.

SM

Related Biology A Level answers

All answers ▸

Explain the roles of ATP and calcium ions in muscle contraction. (4 marks)


Genetic engineering can be used to modify the genome of an organism to express desirable characteristics. Outline the steps of producing a recombinant DNA molecule.


Outline how a heartbeat is initiated and controlled


Explain the process of Oxidative Phosphorylation in cellular respiration