Mitochondrial DNA can be used as evidence for human evolution. Explain why mitochondrial DNA is used rather than nuclear DNA

The first reason why mitochondrial DNA is better than using nuclear DNA is because it is in a higher abundance than nuclear DNA. Furthermore, mitochondrial DNA is more stable over time and less susceptible to decay, unlike nuclear DNA. Mitochondrial DNA also has a high mutation rate which means it can be used to show evidence of human evolution. Mitochondrial DNA is also used rather than nuclear DNA as it shows the inheritance down the female line - providing a map for evolutionary changes. Additionally, it is also easier to extract mitochondrial DNA than nuclear DNA. Also, because no recombination occurs in mitochondrial DNA, it shows a pattern of maternal inheritance as it is all passed down from the mother and therefore much rather used than nuclear DNA.

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Answered by Riya P. Biology tutor

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