How are the lungs specialised for gas exchange?

They have a high surface area to volume ratio allowing for more gas exchange to take place. The large surface area to volume ratio is partially to do with them having lots of alveoli. Alveoli have a 1 cell thick wall, which provides a short diffusion distance thus allowing for rapid gas exchange. The rich blood supply allows for rapid gas exchange by maintaining the concentration gradient.

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Answered by Rebecca L. Biology tutor

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