Describe and explain the formation of headlands and bays.

Headlands and bays result from coastlines that are formed of alternate sections of hard and soft rock. The areas of soft rock are more easily and quickly eroded whereas the harder rock is more resistant to processes of weathering and erosion. Where harder rock is present, headlands occur and where softer rock is being eroded, bays are formed. The processes of erosion that take part in this can be hydraulic action, attrition and different types of weathering. Constant attacking of the waves and material from the sea on the cliff face causes erosion of soft rock, leaving bits of land 'jutting out'.