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What are some of the non-specific, first-line immune defences in humans?

When we think of immune defences, our minds may immediately jump to white blood cells such as macrophages or T lymphocytes, however there are actually many mechanisms by which our bodies fight infection by p...
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Answered by Dawid A. • Biology tutor
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Describe the process of DNA replication.

The method in which DNA replicates is called semi-conservative replication. Firstly, DNA helicase catalyses the break down of the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs in the DNA molecule. This partially unw...
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Answered by Lily G. • Biology tutor
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Discuss the accuracy of the terms "one gene, one protein"; "one gene, one enzyme"; and "one gene, one polypeptide."

The phrase "one gene, one protein" is inaccurate, as shown by the example of haemoglobin: this protein contains prosthetic haem groups which are not made by the activity of any gene, therefore gene...
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Answered by Angus B. • Biology tutor
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Describe the steps in Eukaryotic cell division

Cell division is split into interphase which encompasses G1, S and G2 phase after which is mitosis which is also split into Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase and Anaphase (PMAT - Pilots Make Arrivals Timely) In...
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Answered by Krupa T. • Biology tutor
3394 Views

Describe how oxygen in the air reaches the capillaries surrounding the alveoli.

As you breathe in, air passes down your trachea and then into the bronchi and bronchioles. The bronchioles divide further into even narrower branches which end in small air filled sacks called alveoli. The a...
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Answered by Naomi A. • Biology tutor
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