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Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmune disease affecting the bodies ability to produce insulin. Describe how blood glucose is controlled in the body to a stable level, and how this would be affected in someone with type 1 diabetes.

Blood glucose is controlled via a negative feedback mechanism. High blood glucose is detected by B-cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, and in response to this, these cells secrete insulin. Ins...
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Answered by William H. • Biology tutor
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One of the most important roles of cell membranes is to control what substances enter and leave the cell. Describe the difference and a briefly outline the mechanism for passive and active transport of molecules over cell membranes.

Passive transport requires no energy and is dependent on concentration difference gradient of intra and extracellular spaces. Channel protein can be opened or closed to allow or stop the free flow of molecul...
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Answered by Aaron C. • Biology tutor
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Describe the main evolutionary trend in digestion across the phyla: Platyhelminthes, Chordata and Annelida

In platyhelminthes digestion is both intracellular and extracellular whereas in annelida and chordata digestion is completely extracellular.
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Answered by Jade H. • Biology tutor
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Describe the process of glycolysis

Glycolysis is the first of four steps in cellular respiration, and involves the breakdown of one glucose molecule into two molecules of pyruvate. A 6C glucose molecule is first phosphorylated, using the phos...
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Answered by Georgia C. • Biology tutor
22944 Views

Describe 3 adaptations the ileum has that allow it to maximise the absorption of nutrients from its lumen into surrounding blood vessels.

The ileum is lined with simple cuboidal epithelium. This means there is a short diffusion pathway from the lumen of the gut to the surrounding blood vessels. The lining epithelia also has villi and the epith...
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Answered by Aliza K. • Biology tutor
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