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An increase in temperature increases kinetic energy of particles, so collision frequency increases and more enzyme-substrate complexes are formed, therefore rate of reaction increases. The rate of reaction i...

During depolarisation, sodium ions move into the cell, resulting in the membrane potential rising from -70 millivolts (mV) to +40mV.During repolarisation, potassium ions move out of the cell, and the membran...

· The myelin sheath means that action potentials can occur only at the gaps between the Schwann cells that make up the myelin sheath.· Effectively the action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to the n...

· Myelin sheath is an insulating layer of fatty material, composed of Schwann cells wrapped tightly around the neurone.· Sodium and potassium ions cannot diffuse through this fatty layer.· In between the Sch...

Firstly, think of what you already know about the structure of the lungs and how that makes them so effective at their job. (Elasticity, large surface area for gas exchange, high gradient and short diffusion...