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ATP -> ADP + Pi (via ATP hydrolase)ATP hydrolysis as shown above can be coupled to energy requiring reactions in a cell. The Pi released can be used to phosphorylate another molecule in the reaction thus ...

Na+ ions are actively transported from ascending limb this lowers the water potential in the medulla water diffuses out go the descending limb, but not the ascending limb as it is impermeable water also leav...

Glycoproteins can be antigens , enabling cell recognition of self and non-self cells. They also act as receptors for molecules such as hormones and drugs and pass on signals to intracellular components. Hydr...

Atrazine prevents photophosphorylation from occurring because when plastoquinone is disabled H+ ions cannot be pumped into the thylakoid space therefore their will be a reduced proton motive force . ATP and ...

Proteins are a class of molecules made up of small sub-units called amino acids . Every type of protein has a unique structure. The primary structure of a protein is the type and number of amino acids in the...