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Why is the actual yield of ATP during aerobic respiration lower than the theoretical yield of 38 ATP molecules?

Although the theoretical yield can be up to 38 ATP molecules per molecule of glucose, this yield is very rarely achieved. It is important to consider at which stages the losses of ATP occur and why . Once 2 ...
MT
Answered by Milton T. • Biology tutor
48143 Views

Explain the stages of protein synthesis

Transcription - occurs in the nucleus. to prevent damage to the DNA, when a protein is required to be synthesised, a copy of that particular gene is encoded onto an mRNA (messenger RNA) molecule.The DNA Doub...
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Answered by Simran K. • Biology tutor
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Describe how the structure of glycogen allows it to perform its function and explain the advantages to animals of using glycogen as an energy store.

Glycogen is a polysaccharide composed of alpha glucose monomers which are a respiritory substrate involved in the production of energy (ATP). 1-6 glycosidic bonds between glucose allow glycogen to be branche...
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Answered by Fraser A. • Biology tutor
46944 Views

Explain why a pH probe is required in a fermenter used for culturing micro-organisms.

It is important to monitor the pH of the fermenter to ensure this acidity can be detected and acid or alkali can be added accordingly to make sure the fermenter is at the optimum pH for the microorganisms. T...
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Answered by Madeleine O. • Biology tutor
13631 Views

Give the key characteristic features of a prokaryotic cell.

Prokaryotic cells are usually 1-10 micrometers in size. Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall, which is usually complexed with a peptidoglycan layer. Prokayotic cells do not have a nucleus. Prokayotic cells do ...
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Answered by Branislav V. • Biology tutor
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