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Raised plasma glucose concentration means greater entrance of glucose into beta cells in the Islet of Langerhans in the pancreas. This increased concentration glucose means greater metabolism of glucose, pro...

DNA transcription is the process of copying the DNA strand in order to make mRNA that is needed for protein synthesis. Firstly, RNA polymerase attaches to the double helix of DNA, this unwound by the RNA pol...

When two populations are geographically isolated they can no longer interbreed. There is no mixing of genes between the groups and over generations differences build up between the populations. This is cause...

The mitochondria has three key parts, matrix, inner membrane, and outer membrane. The matrix is the internal space where the krebs cycle takes place. All enzymes for the krebs cycle are in the matrix, ensuri...

Oxygen moves down the trachea, into the bronchi and into the smaller bronchioles, down a pressure gradient. Once the oxygen reaches the alveoli it moves down a diffusion gradient across the alveolar epitheli...