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How do muscles contract? Describe the sliding filament theory.

When an action potential from a motor neurone stimulates a muscle cell, a number of things happen to cause sarcomeres (the smallest contracting unit of a muscle cell) to shorten and contract very rapidly. Ca...
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Answered by Isabel L. • Biology tutor
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Explain how meiosis promotes genetic diversity

Meiosis occurs to produce haploid gametes required for sexual reproduction. It promotes genetic diversity in 3 different ways: crossing over, independent assortment and random fertilisation.Crossing over occ...
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Answered by James A. • Biology tutor
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Describe how different types of blood vessel are structurally adapted for their purpose.

Arteries , carrying blood away from the heart have a thick muscular wall that is more elastic than fibrous tissues. This is elastic to cope with the high fluid pressure in the lumen and allows distention and...
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Answered by Digby H. • Biology tutor
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How does the lock and key mechanism help enzymes to increase the rate of substrate reactions in the body?

Enzymes are proteins that typically help to increase the rate of specific reactions in the body, each enzyme is specific to one or two substrates meaning that different enzymes help to increase the rate of d...
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Answered by Sophie W. • Biology tutor
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List the phases of mitosis in order, and give a brief explanation of each phase.

An easy way to remember the stages of mitosis is- preparation may achieve the impossible Prophase-preparationMetaphase-mayAnaphase-achieveTelophase-theInterphase-impossible. Prophaseis the first phase, where...
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Answered by Alex M. • Biology tutor
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