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Maxwell's equations in free space: ∇ . E = 0 ∇ x E = - ∂ B/ ∂ t ∇ . B = 0 ∇ x B = (1/c 2 )( ∂E / ∂ t) The wave equation: ∇ 2 U = (1/c 2 ) ( ∂ 2 U / ∂ t 2 ) If we take the curl of ∇ x E , we get ∇ x( ∇ x E ) ...

Over 1 second, electrons with drift velocity V travel through a wire of cross sectional area A. Distance Vt (t = 1) multiplied by area A gives a volume AV. This volume multiplied by the electron density of t...

When we make measurements while doing an experiment, the values we measure always have an uncertainty . We assign an uncertainty based on the equipment we are using and the way we make the measurements. If o...

On Earth we notice convection through breathing, conduction through heat and radiation through sunlight. But do we notice these in space? And if not, then why? Let’s make a few definitions. Convection is the...

The standard model is a 'catalogue' of subatomic particles (the smallest building blocks of everything in the universe). It categorises these subatomic particles based on their properties and has predicted t...