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An introduction is the first thing that an exam marker reads, and often it forms their impression of the whole answer - to write an effective introduction is therefore really important to the rest of your es...

Allopatric speciation occurs when two species are living in separate environments and therefore there is no gene flow between the populations. This will then cause the populations to differentiate (change) b...

A nucleotide is the basic unit that makes up DNA. A singular nucleotide is made up of x3 components: A base (A, T, C or G) 5 Carbon sugar (deoxyribose = DNA or ribose = RNA) Phosphate group (forms a bond bet...

Differentiation is finding the slope of a graph; how steep it is at some point. In this case, we want to find out how steep the graph of x^2 is. To do this, we could look at the slope between two points on t...

For the heart to pump efficiently the control of contraction of its atrium and ventricles needs to be coordinated. Electrical signal starts at the sinoatrial (SA) node, also known as the pacemaker node. The ...