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A reflex is an involuntary response to a sensory stimulus. The pathway of neurones involved in a reflex is known as a reflex arc. A reflex arc - such as quickly moving your hand away from a hot flame - invol...

A receptor detects the stimuli and converts it into an impulse and an effector converts the impulse into an action. An example of a receptor is a light receptor in the eye which detects changes in light in t...

the relfex action consists of receptor and neurons communicating together. the brain is not involved the processing of this action. The basic pathway that the reflex arc follows is: stimulus (touching someth...

Enzymes are specific proteins that catalyse a specific reaction or breakdown of a substance. They allow a variety reactions to take place without using as much energy (improve efficiency). Useful to think ab...

Aerobic - requires oxygen, releases carbon dioxide and water, produces much more energy for the same amount of glucose. Anaerobic - doesn't require oxygen, releases lactic acid, much less efficient at produc...