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The forward direction of this reaction is exothermic. If the temperature of the system is increased, the equilibrium will move in the endothermic direction to compensate for the extra heat added. More produc...

Chlorine’s outer electrons / shell closer to the nucleus so the chlorine nucleus has greater attraction for outer electrons / shell and therefore chlorine gains an electron more easily.

If we look at group 7 of the periodic table, we can see that iodine is below chlorine. The trend in going down a group in the periodic table is that the number of electron shells increases, therefore, number...

Covalent Bonding - This type of bonding occurs typically between non-metal elements with an incomplete outer shell of electrons. Elements may share a pair of electrons in order to complete their outer shell ...

As you increase the temperature of the reaction, the particles gain kinetic energy. This causes them to move faster and as a result, the frequency of collisions increases. This means there is an increased pr...