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Waterfalls form where the river bed has a layer of harder rock overlying the softer rocks. As water falls the softer rock is eroded more quickly than the harder rock leading to undercutting of the harder roc...

Tectonic hazards are those caused by the movement of tectonic plates on the earth's surface, such as earthquakes and volcanoes. Primary effects occur as a direct result of the movement; for example, ground s...

The outside of a bend has faster flow, which means that erosion occurs there. Over time, this means that the neck of the meander, which is the gap between 2 parallel channels in the meander, gets narrower. W...

Economic measures, especially simplistic measures such as GNI, can be misleading. Firstly, economic measures do not take any account of people’s quality of life which is important in social terms. Secondly, ...

6 marks indicates that the marker is looking for a factual and concise answer, demonstrating knowledge of at least 6 stages, or facts in order to gain full marks. 6 marks, means approximately 6 minutes to an...