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The heart is made up of two pump systems: right and left, each side contains an atrium and a ventricle making up a total of 4 chambers. The left ventricle wall is thicker than the right as it is required to ...

Vaccinations are given to provide immunity and protection against a certain disease or pathogen. The vaccine itself contains a weakened 'version' of the pathogen that retains its antigens but not its ability...

There are a wide range of enteroendocrine cell types (see below) but it is specifically the 'I-cells' of the duodenum that secrete CCK. CCK is responsible for modulation of bile secretion, exocrine pancreas ...

With regards to the non-specific immune response, phagocytes engulf and digest pathogens through phagocytosis. Natural killer cells detect infected cells through monitoring the presence of particular signals...

If I asked this question of a student, I would suggest that they first try to draw a diagram to show how the various hormones relate to one another during the menstrual cycle. This is a complex topic, but vi...