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Explain the process of inspiration in humans

The diaphragm flattens and moves downwards and the intercostal muscles contract, moving the rib cage up and out. This increases the space inside the thoracic cavity. This reduces the pressure because there a...
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Answered by Charlotte G. • Biology tutor
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Explain how blood glucose levels are controlled and how this is an example of negative feedback mechanisms.

The pancreas detects rises in blood glucose levelsThis triggers pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin, and inhibits alpha cells from secreting glucagonInsulin stimulates the uptake of glucose into cells a...
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Answered by Hannah L. • Biology tutor
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Name three modifiable and three non-modifiable risk factors of coronary artery disease.

Modifiable; SmokingObesity High cholesterol Non-modifiable; AgeGenderRace
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Answered by Hannah L. • Biology tutor
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Describe the structure of proteins, and the bonds involved.

Proteins have three or four levels of structure, in increasing complexity. Primary structure is the sequence of amino acids that the protein is made up of; secondary structure is either alpha-helices or beta...
Answered by • Biology tutor
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Describe the sequence of events that lead to the generation of an action potential

1 - Stimulus excites the neurone cell membrane, causing sodium ion channels to open, so sodium ions diffuse into the neurone, making it less negative. This depolarises the inside of the membrane.2 - Depolari...
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Answered by Matthew T. • Biology tutor
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