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Describe the reactions involved in the light-independent reaction (LIR)

The LIR is made up of three stages, known as the Calvin cycle. The first stage is carbon fixation. To start, the enzyme RuBISCO (Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase Oxygenase) catalyses the reaction between th...
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Answered by Josephine C. • Biology tutor
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What happens at neuromuscular junctions?

A wave of depolarisation is sent toward the neuromuscular junction, this causes voltage gates Ca2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane to open allowing the Ca2+ ions to enter following their concentration g...
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Answered by Max W. • Biology tutor
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What are the differences between the different sturctures of proteins?

There are 4 different structural forms of proteins; Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary. The primary structure is a chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. The secondary structure is a chain of...
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Answered by Max W. • Biology tutor
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Describe and explain two features of starch that make it a good storage molecule.

One feature is its compact shape. Starch molecules consists of two components: Amylose and Amylopectin. Amylose is the straight chained part and amylopectin is the branch chained part. Both these structures ...
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Answered by Iulia B. • Biology tutor
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Name the respiration surface in humans, and describe how it is adapted to its function

The respiration surface in humans is the alveoli. It is adapted to its function as a gas exchange surface because it has a high surface area to volume ratio, this allows maximum surface area for gas exchange...
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Answered by Olivia G. • Biology tutor
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