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What is crossing over?

Crossing over is a process that happens during meiosis and results in genetic variation in gametes. It happens between prophase and metaphase. Pairs of homologous chromosomes lined up next to each other touc...
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Answered by Erin B. • Biology tutor
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What are the similarities and differences between photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation?

Both processes operate on the same basic principle; passing electrons down a chain in order to create a proton (H + ) gradient , allowing the formation of ATP . The biggest difference is where they occur. Ph...
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Answered by Gloria M. • Biology tutor
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Explain the causes and consequences of sickle cell anaemia (5)

Sickle cell anaemia is caused by a point mutation, exchanging adenine for thymine in the DNA codon CTC. This causes a change in the mRNA to GUG, which results in a change in the polypeptide sequence during p...
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Answered by Anna S. • Biology tutor
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Explain the process of semi-conservative DNA replication.

The enzyme DNA helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between the two polynucloetide DNA strands causing the double helix to unzip, forming two single strands. Each original single strand then acts as a template...
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Answered by Bardwell J. • Biology tutor
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What is a condensation reaction?

A condensation reaction is the formation of a chemical bond between two molecules with the elimination of a water molecule. You can tell this reaction has occurred when you see an equation written down as a ...
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Answered by Rebecca N. • Biology tutor
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