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What precisely is autoregulation in the kidney? Is it solely the ability to vary the diameters of the afferent and efferent arterioles? If so how is this controlled?

Autoregulation is the ability of any vascular bed to maintain its capillary blood supply/perfusion pressure fairly constant despite changes in mean (systemic) arterial pressure. Autoregulatory control must b...
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Answered by Steffi M. • Biology tutor
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How does gel electrophoresis work to separate DNA fragments of different lengths and how may the lengths of the different strands then be determined?

The process of gel electrophoresis uses the fact that DNA fragments are negatively charged (due to the bulky, negative phosphate groups within the sugar-phosphate backbone) in order to pull the fragments thr...
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Answered by James P. • Biology tutor
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What is osmosis?

Osmosis is the movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration through a partially permeable membrane . It is a special type of diffusion. You may get questions asking you to decide which ...
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Answered by Yvonne W. • Biology tutor
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How are action potentials transmitted?

Information passes through nerves rapidly in the form of action potentials, or transient changes in voltage across the nerve cell membrane. Nerve cells, or neurons, are able to transmit action potentials tha...
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Answered by Kilda C. • Biology tutor
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How are single-gene disorders inherited?

Most of our characteristics are encoded by a pair of alleles. These are different forms of the same gene, one inherited from the father and one from the mother. Inheriting a mutated allele can lead to diseas...
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Answered by Kilda C. • Biology tutor
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