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Cell wall

Examples 1. Epithelial cells clear airways and have cilia which beat back and forth to move bacteria. 2. Red blood cells carry oxygen and have no nucleus so they have a larger surface area in which to carry ...

Structural Differences 1. Arteries have a much thicker wall to withstand the high pressure of blood flowing in them, whereas veins have a thinner wall so that they can be pressed flat against adjacent muscle...

Mutations in individuals leads to variation in a population of a species. Some individuals have characteristics that makes them better suited to their environments , so they are more likely to survive and re...

Alleles are different forms of a gene. For example, given the gene for eye colour there would be many different colours available. People with brown eyes would have the allele of the eye colour gene coding f...