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Although vaccinations are very beneficial they do carry risk factors - they can cause mild swelling, soreness, a mild form of the disease (they are being vaccinated for), and rare major harmful reactions. I ...

The best way to understand the enzyme-substrate mechanism is to imagine a baseball glove, and a baseball (photographed on the screen). The baseball glove is designed to fit the baseball. Therefore, the ball ...

In order to move and process sensory information electrical signals are sent around the body via specialised cells called neurones. Signals are transmitted between neurones across structures called synapses ...

Embryonic stem cells are unspecialised or undifferentiated. This means they can divide to form any type of cell. Embryonic stem cells could be used in medicine to replace damaged cells. This could treat dise...

A very high temperature makes the enzyme’s molecules vibrate more. This vibration breaks some of the hydrogen and/ or ionic bonds that hold the enzyme in shape. The active site changes shape and the enzyme a...