Top answers

Comparing aluminium and magnesium, which has a lower first ionisation energy? Explain.

Aluminium has a lower first ionisation energy than magnesium. This is because it's outer electron is in a p-orbital in comparision to magnesium's outer electron which is in an s-orbital. The outer electron o...
AS
Answered by Amy S. • Chemistry tutor
6436 Views

Coal is a fossil fuel and in constant debates for its negative impacts on the environment. Which elements does it consist of and which products are being formed when it is burned? Give two examples for the effects on the environment.

(a) Coal contains Carbon (80%) Sulfur (9%) Oxygen (5%) Hydrogen (1%) other elements (5%) (b) Carbondioxide (CO2) Sulfurdioxide (SO2) Water (H2O) (c) Carbon dioxide: Global warming (green house effect) Sulfur...
TP
Answered by Thea P. • Chemistry tutor
2956 Views

Why is a percentage yield never 100%?

There are a few reasons why percentage yield will never be 100%. This could be because other, unexpected reactions occur which don't produce the desired product, not all of the reactants are used in the reac...
AB
Answered by Alex B. • Chemistry tutor
59781 Views

How do double bonds form?

Double bonds consist of two types of bond, a pi bond and a sigma bond. The sigma bond is a single bond, and is formed by the overlap of two s-orbitals. The pi bond is formed by the sideways overlap of non-bo...
AB
Answered by Alex B. • Chemistry tutor
5119 Views

What's the difference between covalent and ionic bonding?

So both are examples of very strong bonding. These are strong bonds that are difficult to break. With covalent bonds, the electron are shared between atoms whereas in ionic bonds the electrons are 'taken'. A...
FY
Answered by Farhin Y. • Chemistry tutor
7042 Views