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The Mercalli and Richter scales are both used when measuring the impacts of seismic activity. However, while the Richter scale measures the magnitude of the earthquake (meaning the force of the earthquake), ...

Destructive waves are characterised by strong backwash and a weaker swash, as well as the waves being steeper and close together. A destructive wave takes sediment away from the beach. On the other hand, con...

The prevailing wind blows over the sea at an angle to the coastline, therefore it will cause the swash to run up the beach at a 45 degree angle, this will carry sediment with it which will be deposited. The ...

Rural to urban migration is the process whereby people move form the countryside into cities and urban areas, often due to a range of pull and push factors. The impacts to an urban area can be negative. For ...

A meander is a winding curve or bend in the river. The river erodes fastest on the outside bend of the river through a process called lateral erosion. Lateral erosion results in undercutting of the river ban...