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What is most important when answering an essay question like this is an exam is planning. You need to make sure that you cover as many points as possible - but more importantly, that you cover them in detail...

First, let's talk about the components of water. Water molecules are made of two hydrogen and one oxygen atom bonded together covalently, like many other molecules. However, water is extremely special becaus...

Generally, molecules are coloured as they absorb visible frequencies of light, to promote an electron to a higher energy level, so the other (complementary) frequencies of light pass through the sample and a...

We can split this power into two bits - the negative sign and the fraction. Let's deal with the negative sign first and forget about the fraction. So a negative always means '1 over', or the fancy word for t...

So, when two molecules are bonding to each other they are always trying to achieve the same state, which is having a full outer shell of electrons. Ionic and Covalent bonding are two different ways of gettin...