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Hybridisation is a chemical phenomenon that occurs in certain atoms, whereby atomic orbitals 'mix' or 'hybridise' from their usual arrangement to form a more energetically-favourable orbital arrangement. Con...

A coordinate bond is a covalent bond in which both the electrons in the shared pair are donated from one atom (the donor). The properties of the covalent bond are exactly the same as a normal covalent bond.I...

Acids are substances that dissolve in water to generate an excess of H + ions. They react with bases to produce a salt and water. With metal carbonates, products include a salt of that metal (depending on th...

Meiosis produces 4 haploid daughter cells and is essential for forming gametes that contain one copy of each chromosome. Meiosis allows genetic diversity which gives rise to new combinations of genetic allel...

When moving across a selectively permeable membrane, ions, polar and large molecules cannot dissolve easily in the lipid membrabe. Instead, transport must occor by way of protiens that act as carriers or cha...