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What are buffers and how do they work?

Buffers are solutions of acid and base which work to minimise changes in pH following the addition of small amounts of acid or base. Ideal buffers are made of a weak acid (i.e. one which does not fully disso...
SJ
Answered by Samuel J. • Chemistry tutor
8450 Views

Which compound has a higher boiling point and why: water (H2O) or methane (CH4)?

Water has a higher boiling point because the hydrogen bonds that form among water molecules are stronger than the Van der Waals interactions among methane molecules, thus more energy must be provided in orde...
MD
Answered by Maria D. • Chemistry tutor
43384 Views

How do you find (and simplify) an expression, in terms of n, for the sum of the first n terms of the series 5 + 8 + 11 + 14 + ... ?

Normally, this would be quite hard! We'd have to play around with the sequence and try different formulas until something worked. Luckily, this is what we call an "Arithmetic Series". That's becaus...
MS
Answered by Matthew S. • Maths tutor
19659 Views

How do you find the maximum and minimum value of a quadratic function with no use of calculus?

By completing the square, since this makes you see that the square will always be >= 0 and the other part allows you to calculate the minima or maxima depending on the sign in front of x 2 . E.g. x 2 +4x=...
AO
Answered by Alexander O. • Maths tutor
10396 Views

Discuss the possible criminal liability of Adam for the injuries to Brandon and to Calvin. Discuss the possible criminal liability of Calvin arising out of his shouting at Adam.

(Source based) Battery is a summary offence (no more than 6 months in prison). It is found when the defendant inflicts unlawful, personal violence upon the Victim, as found in the case of Cole v Turner. Bran...
SW
Answered by Sam W. • Law tutor
7423 Views