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Describe the structure of proteins.

Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids. Amino acids are made up of a central carbon atom, joined to one hydrogen atom, an amine group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH) and an R group. The R group varies ...
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What are proteins?

Proteins are polymers made of amino acids. Proteins are essential molecules. Among many other roles, they can catalyse numerous reactions within the body (these proteins are known as enzymes), they allow cel...
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What are reflexes and how do they work?

Reflexes are quick and automatic reactions to harmful stimuli. Reflexes are important as they protect the body from harm. We don’t have to learn reflexes because they occur automatically from the moment we a...
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What are neurones?

Neurones are the specialised cells that make up the nervous system. Bundles of neurones are known as nerves. Neurones carry electrical impulses around the entire body.
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Describe the two components of the nervous system.

The nervous system is made up of two parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is made up of the brain and the spinal cord. The PNS is made up of sensory and mo...
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