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How can bacteria become resistant to antibiotics and how can doctors reduce the number of bacteria that become resistant?

-A mutation in a pathogen may produce a new strain. This new strain may become resistant to an antibiotic through natural selection . The new strain may spread rapidly as the individual is not immune to it a...
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Answered by Helen C. • Biology tutor
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Using the Hardy Weinberg principle, calculate the frequency of the heterozygous genotype in the population if the frequency of the dominant allele p is 0.864. Express your answer as a percentage of the population.

p 2 + 2pq + q 2 = 1.0 p + q = 1.0 1.0 - p = q 1.0 - 0.864 = 0.136 q = 0.136 Frequency of heterozygous genotype = 2pq 2 x 0.864 x 0.136 = 0.235 As a percentage of the population- 23.5%
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Answered by Helen C. • Biology tutor
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Explain the difference between spatial and temporal summation at a synapse.

-Spatial summation occurs when multiple presynaptic neurones together release enough neurotransmitter (e.g. acetylcholine) to exceed the threshold of the postsynaptic neurone. For example, neurone A and neur...
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Answered by Helen C. • Biology tutor
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What is viscosity?

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow . It describes the internal friction of a moving fluid. A fluid with large viscosity resists motion because its molecular makeup gives it a lot of inter...
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Answered by Juan N. • Physics tutor
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Differentiate between sense and antisense codons?

Sence codons are used for synthesizing mRNA and are generated as complementary strand during DNA semi-conservative replication while Antisense codons are the template used for DNA replication and can't be us...
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Answered by HAMMED B. • Biology tutor
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