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Describe how σ and π bonds form.

Sigma bonds form as a result of end on overlap of orbitals (pp, ss or sp) along the axis between two atoms' nuclei. Pi bonds form because of parallel overlap between p orbitals. A sigma bond forms a single b...
EJ
Answered by Eloise J. • Chemistry tutor
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Explain why the 2nd Electron aiffinity of Chlorine is Endothermic whilst the first electron affinity is exothermic

With the first electron affinity, the chlorine atom is one electron from a full octet ( and is a neutral species). When you add an electron to the chlorine, the negatively charged electron is electrostatical...
HC
Answered by Hayden C. • Chemistry tutor
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Suggest why Phenol is more reactive than Benzene in Electrophillic Substitution

With phenol, the oxygen atom is directly attached to the delocolised pi system in phenol, as a result the lone pair on this oxygen is incorporated into this delocolised pi system in phenol, increasing it's e...
HC
Answered by Hayden C. • Chemistry tutor
2934 Views

Explain quantitatively how an object can follow circular motion whilst on a ramp with no friction in the radial direction.

The important condition for circular motion is that there must be a constant force acting perpendicular to the motion of the object. In this case there will be a contact force acting on the object from the r...
JR
Answered by James R. • Physics tutor
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Sine Rule

The sine rule is a very powerful tool used in mathematics to calculate unknown sides and angles of triangles when we only know some of the information. For example if we have a triangle and we know two angle...
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Answered by Hugo G. • Maths tutor
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