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When an antigen binds to a receptor on a T cell, the T cell becomes activated and differentiates into different types of T cells. What are these T cells and what are their functions? (6 marks)

There are three main types of T cell. T helper (CD4+), T killer (CD8+) and T memory. The CD4+/8+ are complex proteins on the surface of each respective T cell that they use in their function. T helper cells ...
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Answered by Zachary M. • Biology tutor
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Explain the role of the Loop of Henle in the absorption of water from the glomerular filtrate

After the filtrate in the nephron undergoes Selective Reabsorption in the Proximal Convoluted Tubule, it then travels to the Loop of Henle. The Loop of Henle is a ‘U’ shaped structure found in the Medullary ...
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Answered by Akshee A. • Biology tutor
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Describe the stages of mitosis?

First the chromosomes condense and the centrioles form and spindles project from them. This is the prophase. The nuclear membrane breaks down and the spindle attaches to the chromosome. Then the chromosomes ...
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Answered by Harry D. • Biology tutor
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Cells go through a series of stages in order to replicate themselves, called mitosis. Briefly describe each stage of mitosis. (8)

1 mark for each name1 mark for each explanation Prophase - DNA condenses into chromosomesMetaphase - Chromosomes line up along equator of cellAnaphase - Sister chromatids pulled apart to form two identical d...
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Answered by Charlie H. • Biology tutor
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Explain the process of phagocytosis

Phagocytes detects pathogen due to chemical produced by the pathogen. The phagocyte move via a concentration gradient to the pathogen. The phagocyte engulfs the pathogen thereby producing a phagosome where t...
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Answered by Sam C. • Biology tutor
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