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How do electrical impulses control the regular beating of the heart?

The electrical beating of the heart is controlled by the cardiovascular control centre located within the medulla oblongata within the brain. Heart rate is controlled by the frequency of impulses being sent ...
WG
Answered by William G. • Biology tutor
3304 Views

Explain the four levels of protein structure, indicating the significance of each level

There are four levels to a protein's structure:Firstly, the primary structure which is the sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. This level determines the type/function of the protein by influenci...
SS
Answered by Shivani S. • Biology tutor
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DNA mismatch repair enzymes repair mainly bases on the newly synthesised DNA strand, using the old DNA strand as a template. If the mismatches were simply repaired without regard for which strand served as template, would this reduce replication errors ?

if the old strand were repaired using the new strand that contains replication error as the template. Then the error would become a permanent mutation in the genome. The old information would be erased in th...
DS
Answered by Dorota S. • Biology tutor
4263 Views

Which body organ has both an exocrine and endocrine function?

Exocrine glands release their product to the external environment, while endocrine glands release their product directly into bodily fluids. The pancreas does both: it releases digestive enzymes into the sma...
OS
Answered by Oana S. • Biology tutor
3282 Views

Cholera causes an influx of Chloride ions into the lumen of the bowel. How would this cause diarrhoea?

The influx of chloride ions into the lumen of the small bowel causes the water potential to decrease (become more negative). This causes an increased water potential difference between the lumen and the cell...
JT
Answered by Joseph T. • Biology tutor
9460 Views