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what are the differences between involuntary, cardiac and voluntary muscle?

Involuntary muscle (or smooth muscle) is innervated by the autonomic nervous system and therefore is not under conscious control. It is not striated - rather, muscle cells contain small bundles of actin and ...
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Answered by Dani E. • Biology tutor
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How are signals transmitted across the synaptic cleft?

When the action potential reaches the synaptic knob it causes voltage-gated calcium ion channels to open, allowing calcium ions to diffuse in. These calcium ions cause synaptic vesicles containing acetylchol...
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Answered by Dani E. • Biology tutor
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A guanine is swapped for a thymine in a gene sequence. Explain how this may alter the function of the protein it translates.

The alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the gene may result in a change in the amino acid sequence of the protein during translation. Each set of three RNA nucleotides (anticodon) is recognised by a rib...
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Answered by Matthew D. • Biology tutor
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Compare and contrast the similarities and differences between meiosis and mitosis.

Both are forms of cell division.Both are used during gametogenesis (formation of gametes or sex cells such as spermatozoa and oocytes).Only mitosis is used during cell division of somatic or body cells.Meios...
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Answered by Sally P. • Biology tutor
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What are the main differences between Mitosis and Meiosis?

Mitosis: One division occurs, two identical cells are formed, occurs in body cells involved in growth and repair. Meiosis: Two divisions occur, four cells with genetic variation are formed, occurs in the for...
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Answered by Ava D. • Biology tutor
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