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How are red blood cells well adapted to their function?

Firstly red blood cells have very few organelles, losing many of them such as the nucleus in order to maximise the amount of haemoglobin they can hold. Furthermore they are relitavely thin meaning they have ...
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Answered by Anish t. • Biology tutor
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Explain the role of the coenzymes NADH and FADH2 in oxidative phosphorylation and why it is significant. (6 marks)

NADH and FADH2 oxidised to NAD and FAD in the marix by electron carrier proteins in the inter mitochondrial membrane .This liberates H+ ions and excites electrons which pass down the electron tansport chain ...
Answered by • Biology tutor
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How do the properties of water make it a suitable environment for many organisms?

Water has an extremely high specific heat capacity. This means it requires large amounts of energy to increase its temperature, making it a constant environment. When water freezes the structure changes. Hyd...
Answered by • Biology tutor
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Can you explain the importance of the refractory period within the axon?

The refractory period means that another action potential cannot be generated.This is important as it allows the action potential to not propagate back but reset via the sodium-potassium pump, to restore res...
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Answered by Eve L. • Biology tutor
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Give examples of some factors that increase the rate of diffusion.

Temperature: An increase in temperature increases diffusion rate. Concentration gradient (difference in concentration): A greater concentration gradient increases diffusion rate. Surface area of a membrane: ...
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Answered by Miya A. • Biology tutor
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