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What is solvent leveling? How can we distinguish between two strongly acidic solutions? (This is a challenging question and is included for interest only)

Solvent levelling refers to the effect of the solvent on the properties of acids and bases. The apparent acidity of a solution is limited, or levelled, by the basicity of the solvent it is in. A very strong ...
JC
Answered by James C. • Chemistry tutor
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Briefly discuss Le Chatelier's Principle. Ammonia is made in the Haber Process (3H2(g) + N2(g)<-> 2NH3(g)). Using Le Chetelier's Principal, what happens to the equilibrium yield of ammonia when...: A) Temp increases, B) Press increases C) Catalyst changes

Le Chetelier's Principal gives us a guide to work out what will happen when we change the conditons of a reaction in dynamic equilibrium. It states that if the dynamic equilibiurm is disturbed, the equilibri...
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Answered by James C. • Chemistry tutor
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Write down the equation for the Gibbs Free Energy change of a reaction. Hence explain why, for a spontaneous endothermic reaction, there must be an increase in the total entropy.

Gibbs Free Energy change: (delta)G = (delta)H - T(delta)S For a spontaneous chemical reaction, (delta)G must be negative. An endothermic reaction has a positive (delta)H value therefore, in order for the rea...
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Answered by James C. • Chemistry tutor
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What is the rate of a reaction and how can you determine it experimentally?

The rate of a reaction is the rate at which reagents are used up and product are formed. Reaction rates depend on concentration. A typical rate law is rate=k*[A] m *[B] n . To find the values of m and n we w...
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Answered by Antonia C. • Chemistry tutor
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How does ionisation energy change down a group?

Ionisation energy is the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from gaseous atoms. As you go down the group there are more orbitals so the outer electron which you will remove becomes further from ...
AS
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