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Tip: when answering ‘compare and contrast’ questions, use keywords such as ‘whereas’, ‘in contrast to’, ‘similarly’ and ‘comparatively’.Eukaryotic cells are plant and animals cells, whereas prokaryotic cells...

LIFESTYLE examples of lifestyle treatment Lower blood cholesterol by cutting down on fatty foods.Stop smoking and other recreational drugs - They can affect heart rate and blood pressure, increasing the risk...

Bacterial DNA can spontaneously mutate, which means a change in the nucleotide reading frame. By chance, a mutation may cause the bacteria to prevent being killed by the antibiotic. For example, by developin...

The lock and key hypothesis explains how each enzyme acts specifically on a certain substrate. The lock is the enzyme. The key is the substrate. The lock has a site where a specific substrate binds called th...

Speciation is the formation of a new species that cannot interbreed with other species to produce fertile offspring. It may occur due to geographical isolation, such as the formation of a river separating th...