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Outline the process of the light independent reaction in photosynthesis, also known as the Calvin cycle.

Light INDEPENDENT reaction:· RuBP combines with CO 2 , using Rubisco which is an enzyme that catalyses the reaction· This forms 2x GP molecules· Each GP is reduced to form TP, using reduced NADP which provid...
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Answered by Johana A. • Biology tutor
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Describe how the Meselsohn- Stahl experiment was set up. Describe how the results of the Meselsohn- Stahl experiment provide evidence for semi- conservative replication

Describe how the Meselsohn- Stahl experiment was set up. • Culture E. Coli for several generations with amino acids containing 15N. Incorporate 15N into DNA • 15N bacteria washed and transferred into medium ...
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Answered by Jake C. • Biology tutor
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Describe how bacteria are used to genetically modify crops. Describe two examples of GM crops. Describe the reasons why some are opposed to GM crops

Describe how bacteria are used to genetically modify crops. • Certain bacteria (Agrobacterium) can cause plant cells to multiply and form tumours by inserting plasmid DNA into genome of plant• Restriction en...
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Answered by Jake C. • Biology tutor
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Describe 2 ways mutations can occur

• DNA not copied properly before cell division: mistakes in copying; small errors - gene/point mutations • Chromosomes damaged/break: usually repair; but may repair incorrectly - large changes in may genes -...
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Answered by Jake C. • Biology tutor
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How does ADH help control water loss in the body?

ADH (anti-diuretic hormone) is a hormone that is released by the brain. It is released if there is too much water loss via the kidneys, if this occurs, then the pituitary gland releases ADH into the bloodstr...
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Answered by Alvin C. • Biology tutor
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