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Vaccinations contain a dead or inactive form of a pathogen, which is a disease causing microorganism (such as bacteria and viruses). When people are vaccinated, the inactivated pathogen goes through the bloo...

White blood cells can kill pathogens in multiple ways, one of these is called phagocytosis. During phagocytosis, a specific white blood cell called a phagocyte recognises the bacteria through a process calle...

DNA is made up of two anti-parallel strands running in opposite directions. It is made up of individual monomers called nucleotides which in turn contain: a sugar (deoxyribose), a base (A, G, C or T), and ph...

P wave - atrial systole. This is when both atria of the heart contract, to force blood from the atria to the ventricles. The valves that separates the left atrium and the left ventricle is the bicuspid valve...

Eukaryotic cells: bigger overall, chromosomes are linear and can be coiled round proteins for folding, larger ribosomes, they contain membrane bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, chlorolplast...