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Actions of Adrenaline Heart Cardiac Output = Heart rate X Stroke VolumeIncreases Total peripheral resistance = Increases Blood pressureOverall effect Lungs Dilation of bronchiolesIncrease in tidal volumeIncr...

The buccal cavity of the fish opens and the buccal floor moves downwards. This creates a larger volume in the buccal cavity causing pressure to fall relative to the pressure in the external environment. Wate...

At the first proton pump and associated electron carrier of the inner mitochondrial membrane reduced NAD releases two H + ions and two electrons. An electron travels down a series of electron carriers, each ...

At rest the neuron has a charge of -70mV, this is called the resting membrane potential and is caused by different concentrations of ions inside and out of the cell. At rest, potassium ions accumulate inside...

Xylem passively and unidirectionally transports water (by osmosis) from the roots to the leaves of a plant, whereas phloem uses active transport to bidirectionally transport food from the leaves to growing p...