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An artery carries blood away from the heart. The blood is oxygenated with the exception of the pulmonary and umbilical artery. The vessel must cope with high pressure demands and therefore has thick, elastic...

Genotype is the alleles that you have for a specific gene Phenotype is the physical expression of the genotype (think ph enotype, ph ysical expression to remember which is which!) e.g. Your eye colour genoty...

Receptors have the abilty to detect a stimuli which include changes in surroundings such as pressure on the skin. This stimuli is then converted into an impulse. Examples of receptors include the retina in t...

Firstly the resting membrane is set by Na+/K+ ATPase so that 3 Na+ moves out for every 2K+ that moves in; this creates a negative membrane potential of around -65mV. To initiate an action potential the membr...

Blood glucose levels start to fall in the blood. Blood flowing through the pancreas is low in glucose, and this is sensed by cells in the pancreatic tissue. In response, it produces glucagon, ( which is a ho...