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How do the structure of phospholipids contribute to their positioning in the cell plasma membrane?

The plasma membrane is organised into what is referred to as a lipid bilayer, consisting primarily of phospholipids and proteins. Phospholipids contain a hydrophobic (water hating) fatty acid 'tail' and a hy...
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Answered by Oluwatobi O. • Biology tutor
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What is functional RNA?

Non-coding RNA.The sequence of Messenger RNA codes for a protein so is not functional RNA. However some RNA has catalytic function, such as ribosomal RNA, doesn't code for proteins so is functional RNA. Tran...
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Answered by Edward C. • Biology tutor
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Outline the first three levels of protein structure, including the types of bonding within each

The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence which is determined by the base sequence of the gene which codes for the protein. Secondary structures include alpha-helicies and beta-pleated sh...
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Answered by Rowena G. • Biology tutor
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Explain how bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is an example of natural selection. In a population of bacteria there may be some individuals that are not affected by the antibiotic. This may be due to random changes or...
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Answered by Rowena G. • Biology tutor
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What is meant by the term "degenerate" when describing DNA? Why does it occur and what are its implications for protein structure?

"Degenerate" refers to redundancy in the genetic code. Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, are encoded by codons of three nucleotide bases. Some amino acids are encoded by more than one c...
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Answered by Abigail M. • Biology tutor
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