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What are the three isolation barriers by which speciation can occur?

Speciation is a complex topic, and indeed what defines a species is still debated today. However, one factor is key to the process of speciation; gene flow. Gene flow between populations of a species ensures...
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Answered by John M. • Biology tutor
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Outline how cystic fibrosis leads to recurrent lung infecions

Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic condition that results from defective chloride ion channels. Normally a protein known as the “Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator” (CFTR) transports chloride ions...
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Answered by Vinayak N. • Biology tutor
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What causes the condition Cystic Fibrosis?

Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene. The mutation causes a small change in the DNA's base sequence which codes for a different sequence of amino acids and therefore as a result, the prot...
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Answered by Yasmin M. • Biology tutor
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How are leaves of a plant adapted to enable photosynthesis?

Leaves have 4 main adaptations which enable them to carry out photosynthesis successfully. 1) Thin - this allows carbon dioxide to easily diffuse into the leaf cells 2) Transparent epidermis - this allows li...
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Answered by Rebecca G. • Biology tutor
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Explain what is meant by 'homeostasis' and give an example of this process in the human body.

Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a constant internal environment in the body. An example of this is maintaining the temperature of the body. Human body temperature must be maintained at 37ºC as this...
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Answered by Oli W. • Biology tutor
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