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An enzyme is a substance produced by a living organism than enables reactions to happen faster or more efficiently. Each enzyme has a specific shape called an active site which a certain molecule can fit int...

DNA is a large polymer consisting of two DNA strands that form a double helix. Each strand is made up of bases. In DNA, there are four different bases: Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine & Guanine Pairs of bases...

An extremophile is an organism that can live in extreme conditions such as high temperatures, high pressures and high acidity. An example of an extremophile is Giant tube worms. They live miles beneath the o...

Stomata can be thought of as gates. This is why the size of the guard cells is so important. How the guard cells change in size is a simple matter of how much fluid they can hold - their turgor. Osmosis is t...

Firstly, antibiotic resistance has to be gained by a bacterium through the mutation of a gene. This can occur due to, for example, the overuse of antibiotics or failure to complete a full course of antibioti...